Vision Science · Visual Working Memory · Spatiotemporal Prediction

Portrait of Giuliana Martinatti Giorjiani

Giuliana Martinatti Giorjiani

About Me

I am a cognitive neuroscientist chasing one simple question: How does our brain allow us to perceive and interact with a world that never holds still?

Curiously, neuroscience was not where my journey began. As an undergraduate, I spent three years studying aerospace engineering before attending a lecture on neurological disorders that completely changed the course of my career. I left the room convinced that not many things out there are as elegant and complex as our own brain. From that moment on, I wanted to understand not only how our brain works, but why it works the way it does.

I graduated with dual degrees in Science & Technology and Neuroscience from the Universidade Federal do ABC, Brazil, where I later completed a Master's degree in Neuroscience and Cognition with Prof. Marcelo Salvador Caetano and Prof. Claudinei Biazoli Jr. in the Timing and Cognition Lab. Between finishing my Master's and starting my PhD, I spent five years as a research assistant developing expertise in structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI/fMRI), functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), psychophysics, eye tracking, and computational modelling. During this time, I worked with Dr. Joana Balardin at Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Brazil and Prof. Jorge Almeida at the University of Coimbra, Portugal.

Currently, I am completing my PhD at the Ernst Strüngmann Institute of the Max Planck Society with Dr. Rosanne Rademaker in the Rademaker Lab. My research investigates how visual information held in working memory is shaped by task demands, how the visual system supports spatiotemporal predictions of moving objects, and which neural mechanisms allow us to anticipate future states of a dynamic enviorment despite incomplete sensory information.

More than anything, I am a curious person. Whether I am in the lab, learning how to fly an airplane, scuba diving, sketching or picking up an entirely new hobby, I'm driven by the same question: How does it all work?

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Research

What do a tennis player and a hunting falcon have in common? Both must anticipate where a moving target will be in the near future. A tennis player does not swing where the ball is, but where it will be. A hunting falcon does not chase where its prey was a moment ago, but where it expects the prey to move next.

Whether it is a tennis ball or fleeing prey, successfully intercepting a moving target depends on predicting where it will be. Yet our visual experience is far from continuous: objects disappear behind obstacles, we blink, and our attention is occasionally diverted, interrupting the flow of visual information reaching our eyes. Despite these interruptions, the brain seamlessly integrates previously acquired information with internal models of how the enviorment changes over time, allowing us to perceive, predict, and act with remarkable precision.

My research explores how the brain maintains internal representations of our visual environment to support prediction from incomplete sensory input, and how these representations are shaped by behavioral goals and task demands.

Visual Working Memory

How are visual memories represented in early visual cortex?

Predictive Motion

How does the brain keep track of moving objects when they disappear behind occluders?

Computational Models

Using neural networks to understand visual prediction and temporal representations.

Science Beyond the Lab

Bringing neuroscience into the real world through exploratory side projects.

Publications

Peer-reviewed Publications

Giorjiani, G. M., Rawal, A., & Rademaker, R. L. (2026) Better performance when recalling speed from object motion compared to texture motion. Journal of Vision. DOI

Serriere, L., Argiris, G., Gomes, G., Giorjiani, G. M., Fredrik, B., Walbrin, J., & Almeida, J. (2026) Grasping at the organisation of object knowledge: testing different object-related dimensions as organisational principles of ventral temporal cortex. NeuroImage. DOI

Giorjiani, G. M., Biazoli Jr., C. E., & Caetano, M. S. (2021) Differences in perceived durations between plausible biological and non-biological stimuli. Experimental Brain Research, 239, 161–173. DOI

Petraconi, N., Giorjiani, G. M., Saad, A. G. F., Scardovelli, A. T., Silva, S. G., & Balardin, J. B. (2019) Using a Dance Mat to Assess Inhibitory Control of Foot in Young Children. Frontiers in Physiology, 10:1302 DOI

Santaella, D. F., Balardin, J. B., Afonso, R. F., Giorjiani, G. M., Sato, J. R., Lacerda, S. S., Amaro Jr., E., Lazar, S., & Kozasa, E. H. (2019) Greater anteroposterior default mode network functional connectivity in long-term elderly yoga practitioners. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 11:158 DOI

Preprints & Manuscripts in Preparation

Giorjiani, G. M., Tal, Z., Nili, H., Yanchao, B., Fang, F., & Almeida, J. (2022) The way of the light: how visual information reaches the auditory cortex in congenitally deaf adults. bioRxiv. Preprint

Giorjiani, G. M., & Rademaker, R. L. (In prep.) Recall requirements drastically modulate working memory representations in human visual cortex.

Giorjiani, G. M., Alo, N., & Rademaker, R. L. (In prep.) Occluded motion is continuously and automatically tracked in human visual cortex.

Giorjiani, G. M., & Rademaker, R. L. (In prep.) Human predictions of a target moving under occlusion are best explained by visual system recurrency.

Book Chapter

Nepomoceno, E. B., Giorjiani, G. M., Reyes, M. B., & Caetano, M. De olho no relógio: como percebemos a passagem do tempo? In R. R. Baradel, E. P. Neves, & M. T. Carthery-Goulart (Eds.), (2016) CuriosaMente (Vol. 1, pp. 47–65). Editora UFABC. Book page

Selected Talks & Posters

Featured Talk

Duration of occlusion effect is better explained by recurrent than feedforward and feedback computations

Vision Science Society, VSS 2025 · St. Petersburg, Florida, USA · Conference talk

Talks

2022

Motor Interference

ESI – Max Planck Institute retreat, Ringberg, Germany

Institute retreat

2024

Recall requirements drastically modulate working memory representations in human visual cortex

Distributed Cognition & Memory Lab, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany

Lab visit
Recall requirements drastically modulate working memory representations in human visual cortex

ECVP 2024, Aberdeen, Scotland

Conference talk
Motor Interference & Shooting Target

University College London, London, United Kingdom

Lab visit
Motor Interference

Space Lab, New York University, New York, United States

Lab visit

2025

Duration of occlusion effect is better explained by recurrent than feedforward and feedback computations

Vision Science Society, VSS 2025, St. Petersburg, Florida, USA

Conference talk Video →
Recall requirements drastically modulate working memory representation in human visual cortex

TeaP 2025, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany

Conference talk

2026

Evidence for continuous tracking under occlusion in human visual cortex

PhD & PostDoc Seminars, ESI, Frankfurt, Germany

Seminar
Out of sight, not out of mind: Occluded motion is continuously and automatically tracked in human visual cortex

PuG 2026, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany

Conference talk

Posters

2015

III Brazilian Meeting on Brain and Cognition

Universidade Federal do ABC, São Paulo, Brazil

Poster

2016

I Simpósio do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociência e Cognição

Universidade Federal do ABC, São Paulo, Brazil

Poster

2017

I International Symposium on Well-being: From Science to Life

São Paulo, Brazil

Poster Abstract →

2021

XV Encontro Nacional da Associação Portuguesa de Psicologia Experimental

Lisboa, Portugal

Poster Abstract →

2023

Motor interference in visual working memory

Vision Science Society, VSS 2023, St. Pete Beach, Florida, USA

Poster Abstract →
NVP Dutch Society for Brain and Cognition Winter Conference

Egmond aan Zee, Netherlands

Poster Abstract →

2024

Recall requirements drastically modulate working memory representation in human visual cortex

Vision Science Society, VSS 2024, St. Petersburg, Florida, USA

Poster Abstract →

Science Beyond the Lab

A collection of side projects exploring vision science outside the traditional laboratory settings: from natural image datasets, to cockpit eye tracking, to playful MRI demonstrations.

Natural landscape dataset samples

Field Note 01

FiSH & CHiPs Dataset

Together with Amit Rawal, I was awarded the Tom Troscianko Grant to attend ECVP 2024, where we created an image dataset from landscapes photographed across Belgium, France, England, and Scotland.

Together with Naveen Balachandran, the dataset has been curated and preprocessed, and will shortly be made publicly available for the vision science community.

Eye-tracking recording inside the cockpit Eye-tracking recording inside the cockpit

Field Note 02

Visual Scanning in the Cockpit

While learning how to fly, I recorded my own eye movements in the cockpit using wearable eye tracking glasses (featured by Indivisual Lab), capturing my erratic gaze patterns between flight instruments, the outside view, maps, and the runway.

Fruit scanned in a 3T MRI scanner Fruit scanned in a 3T MRI scanner

Field Note 03

MRI Meets the Grocery List

The hidden internal structures of different fruits and vegetables are revealed through some cool MRI scans.

Curriculum Vitae

A downloadable CV will be available here.

Contact

Ernst Strüngmann Institute for Neuroscience
Deutschordenstr. 46
60528 Frankfurt am Main
Germany